Weathering processes refer to the various physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms by which rocks and soils are broken down and altered over time. These processes are responsible for the gradual erosion and degradation of Earth's surface, ultimately leading to the formation of sediment and soil. Physical weathering involves the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals through processes such as freeze-thaw cycles, abrasion, and root wedging. Chemical weathering, on the other hand, involves the alteration of rock composition through reactions with water, air, and other substances. Biological weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals by living organisms, such as plants, bacteria, and fungi. Overall, weathering processes play a crucial role in shaping Earth's landscapes and ecosystems, influencing factors such as soil fertility, sediment transport, and the development of landforms. Understanding these processes is essential for geologists, environmental scientists, and other researchers studying Earth's surface dynamics and the impacts of climate change.